{
  description = "Rust development environment for dev with toolchain";

  inputs = {
    nixpkgs.url = "github:NixOS/nixpkgs/nixos-unstable";
    flake-utils.url = "github:numtide/flake-utils";
  };

  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, flake-utils }:
    flake-utils.lib.eachDefaultSystem (system:
      let
        pkgs = nixpkgs.legacyPackages.${system};
        # Read the file relative to the flake's root
        overrides = (builtins.fromTOML (builtins.readFile (self + "/raytracer/rust-toolchain.toml")));
        libPath = with pkgs; lib.makeLibraryPath [
          # load external libraries that you need in your rust project here
        ];
      in
      {
        devShells.default = pkgs.mkShell rec {
          nativeBuildInputs = [ pkgs.pkg-config ];
          buildInputs = with pkgs; [
            clang
            llvmPackages.bintools
            rustup
            qemu
            OVMF
          ];

          RUSTC_VERSION = overrides.toolchain.channel;

          # https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-bindgen#environment-variables
          LIBCLANG_PATH = pkgs.lib.makeLibraryPath [ pkgs.llvmPackages_latest.libclang.lib ];

          shellHook = ''
                      export PATH=$PATH:''${CARGO_HOME:-~/.cargo}/bin
                      export PATH=$PATH:''${RUSTUP_HOME:-~/.rustup}/toolchains/$RUSTC_VERSION-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu/bin/

            # Create VM working directory
            mkdir -p ./vm/esp/efi/boot

            # Copy non-secureboot OVMF firmware + writable VARS
            cp ${pkgs.OVMF.out.firmware} ./vm/OVMF_CODE.fd
            cp ${pkgs.OVMF.out.variables} ./vm/OVMF_VARS.fd
            chmod +w ./vm/OVMF_VARS.fd

            # Copy your EFI binary into the ESP
            cp raytracer/target/x86_64-unknown-uefi/debug/raytracer.efi ./vm/esp/efi/boot/bootx64.efi

            rm launch_vm.sh && touch launch_vm.sh
            echo "/bin/bash" > launch_vm.sh
            echo "qemu-system-x86_64 \\" >> launch_vm.sh
            echo "  -enable-kvm \\" >> launch_vm.sh
            echo "  -machine q35,accel=kvm \\" >> launch_vm.sh
            echo "  -drive if=pflash,format=raw,readonly=on,file=./vm/OVMF_CODE.fd \\" >> launch_vm.sh
            echo "  -drive if=pflash,format=raw,file=./vm/OVMF_VARS.fd \\" >> launch_vm.sh
            echo "  -drive format=raw,file=fat:rw:./vm/esp" >> launch_vm.sh

            chmod +x launch_vm.sh
            
            cp raytracer/target/x86_64-unknown-uefi/debug/raytracer.efi vm/esp/efi/boot/bootx64.efi
          '';

          # Add precompiled library to rustc search path
          RUSTFLAGS = (builtins.map (a: ''-L ${a}/lib'') [
            # add libraries here (e.g. pkgs.libvmi)
          ]);

          LD_LIBRARY_PATH = pkgs.lib.makeLibraryPath (buildInputs ++ nativeBuildInputs);


          # Add glibc, clang, glib, and other headers to bindgen search path
          BINDGEN_EXTRA_CLANG_ARGS =
            # Includes normal include path
            (builtins.map (a: ''-I"${a}/include"'') [
              # add dev libraries here (e.g. pkgs.libvmi.dev)
              pkgs.glibc.dev
            ])
            # Includes with special directory paths
            ++ [
              ''-I"${pkgs.llvmPackages_latest.libclang.lib}/lib/clang/${pkgs.llvmPackages_latest.libclang.version}/include"''
              ''-I"${pkgs.glib.dev}/include/glib-2.0"''
              ''-I${pkgs.glib.out}/lib/glib-2.0/include/''
            ];
        };
      }
    );
}